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Objective To construct an index framework for the evaluation of blood service system resilience under emergency support, and improve the ability of blood centers to deal with emergencies. Methods The contents of evaluation index system were preliminarily determined through the literature analysis. The Delphi method and analytic hierarchy process(AHP) were used. Experts in relevant fields were consulted to determine the resilience evaluation of indicator framework. Six experts were invited to score the weight of resilience index and finally determined the weight of the index. Results The resilience evaluation index framework of blood service was established with 5 first-level indicators and 22 second-level indicators. The weights of first-level indicators economic resilience, social resilience, infrastructure resilience, organizational resilience and process resilience were 0.140, 0.071, 0.156, 0.225 and 0.408, respectively. Conclusion The established evaluation index framework of blood service system resilience is scientific, which provides a reference basis for evaluating the resilience of blood service system.