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Conceptions and practices of school psychologists about prevention and promotion in health were investigated.Participants were twenty-three professionals from Juiz de Fora (Brazil). A short semi-structured interview was used,and reports were submitted to content analysis. Results indicated flaws in theoretical and practical aspects of schoolpsychology (with emphasis on an eclectic theoretical basis) and academic internship. Health prevention conceptionshighlighted primary prevention. However, professional practice was reported as based on individual strategies withmain focus on the students. Health promotion was predominantly understood as competence development, withfocus on an educational perspective. Parents’ lack of support was experienced as challenging to the participants'professional practice. We argue that these results indicate general and superficial conceptions, indicating the needfor practical and theoretical updates in professional education.