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Ensemble Docking Coupled to Linear Interaction Energy Calculations for Identification of Coronavirus Main Protease (3CL<sup>pro</sup>) Non-Covalent Small-Molecule Inhibitors
oleh: Marko Jukič, Dušanka Janežič, Urban Bren
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2020-12-01 |
Deskripsi
SARS-CoV-2, or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, represents a new strain of <i>Coronaviridae</i>. In the closing 2019 to early 2020 months, the virus caused a global pandemic of COVID-19 disease. We performed a virtual screening study in order to identify potential inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main viral protease (3CL<sup>pro</sup> or M<sup>pro</sup>). For this purpose, we developed a novel approach using ensemble docking high-throughput virtual screening directly coupled with subsequent Linear Interaction Energy (LIE) calculations to maximize the conformational space sampling and to assess the binding affinity of identified inhibitors. A large database of small commercial compounds was prepared, and top-scoring hits were identified with two compounds singled out, namely 1-[(R)-2-(1,3-benzimidazol-2-yl)-1-pyrrolidinyl]-2-(4-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1-ethanone and [({(S)-1-[(1H-indol-2-yl)methyl]-3-pyrrolidinyl}methyl)amino](5-methyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yl)formaldehyde. Moreover, we obtained a favorable binding free energy of the identified compounds, and using contact analysis we confirmed their stable binding modes in the 3CL<sup>pro</sup> active site. These compounds will facilitate further 3CL<sup>pro</sup> inhibitor design.