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DspA/E-Triggered Non-Host Resistance against <i>E. amylovora</i> Depends on the Arabidopsis <i>GLYCOLATE OXIDASE 2</i> Gene
oleh: Alban Launay, Sylvie Jolivet, Gilles Clément, Marco Zarattini, Younes Dellero, Rozenn Le Hir, Mathieu Jossier, Michael Hodges, Dominique Expert, Mathilde Fagard
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2022-04-01 |
Deskripsi
DspA/E is a type three effector injected by the pathogenic bacterium <i>Erwinia amylovora</i> inside plant cells. In non-host <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, DspA/E inhibits seed germination, root growth, de novo protein synthesis and triggers localized cell death. To better understand the mechanisms involved, we performed EMS mutagenesis on a transgenic line, 13-1-2, containing an inducible <i>dspA/E</i> gene. We identified three suppressor mutants, two of which belonged to the same complementation group. Both were resistant to the toxic effects of DspA/E. Metabolome analysis showed that the 13-1-2 line was depleted in metabolites of the TCA cycle and accumulated metabolites associated with cell death and defense. TCA cycle and cell-death associated metabolite levels were respectively increased and reduced in both suppressor mutants compared to the 13-1-2 line. Whole genome sequencing indicated that both suppressor mutants displayed missense mutations in conserved residues of Glycolate oxidase 2 (GOX2), a photorespiratory enzyme that we confirmed to be localized in the peroxisome. Leaf GOX activity increased in leaves infected with <i>E. amylovora</i> in a DspA/E-dependent manner. Moreover, the <i>gox2-2</i> KO mutant was more sensitive to <i>E. amylovora</i> infection and displayed reduced JA-signaling. Our results point to a role for glycolate oxidase in type II non-host resistance and to the importance of central metabolic functions in controlling growth/defense balance.