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Introduction. Tumors are only second to cardiovascular diseases as a cause of death. According to World Health Organization (WHO), these statistics will increase especially within aging and well-developed countries. Aim. The aim of the research was to analyze the frequency of recurrences and lymph node involvement in individuals affected by malignant tumor of head and neck region. Special attention was paid to tumor location, sex, age of the affected individuals as well as histological appearance of the tumor. Material and methods. The research team has analyzed medical data record base from 2002–2011 and selected a group of 1697 individuals treated for malignant tumors within the oral cavity and maxillofacial region. Results. Reoperation was carried out on 192 patients due to recurrences and lymph node involvement; (11.3%) of the study group. Patients were further subdivided into groups according to sex, age, histological appearance and anatomical location of tumor recurrence. Results were compared with the available literature. Conclusions. Our data confirms the findings of other research groups in terms of accuracy of early diagnostic screening and its effect on final tumor treatment. It is also essential to accentuate the importance of post-treatment monitoring within first five years after initiation of treatment, which allows for an early determination of local recurrences and/or lymph node involvement.