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Objective To analyze the short- and long-term effect of chemoradiotherapy combined with rhAd-p53 on locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Methods A total of 51 patients with stage ⅡA-ⅣA LACC were divided into experimental group (chemoradiotherapy+rhAd-p53 gene therapy, RCT-p53) and control group (chemoradiotherapy, RCT). Short-term effect, long-term effect and early side-effect were evaluated. Results ORR of RCT-p53 group and RCT group were 91.7% and 62.9%, respectively (P=0.037); CR rates were 66.7% and 40.7%, respectively. There was no significant difference of early side-effects between two groups, in terms of hematologic toxicity, digestive toxicity, hepatotoxicity or renal toxicity. Five-year PFS of RCT-p53 group and RCT group were 79.8% and 51.3%, respectively (P=0.028); 5-year OS were 81.6% and 60.3%, respectively (P=0.061). Conclusion rhAd-p53 treatment has better short-term effect and long-term effect than concurrent chemoradiotherapy, without increasing early side effects.