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In order to analyse the effect of ellipsoidal modulus and internal pressure on bearing capacity of thrust-bearing aft dome, we obtain the stress and strain distribution and bearing capacity of 1.6, 1.4 and 1.0 modulus ellipsoidal aft dome under 0MPa~0.98MPa internal pressure and engine thrust by finite element method. We find as the modulus decreases, the bearing capacity of the ellipsoidal aft dome increases, and as internal pressure decreases, within the engineering range (0~0.98MPa), the bearing capacity increases. The conclusion can provide a guidance for the design of thrust-bearing aft dome.