Human papillomavirus type 38 alters wild-type p53 activity to promote cell proliferation via the downregulation of integrin alpha 1 expression.

oleh: Maria Carmen Romero-Medina, Assunta Venuti, Giusi Melita, Alexis Robitaille, Maria Grazia Ceraolo, Laura Pacini, Cecilia Sirand, Daniele Viarisio, Valerio Taverniti, Purnima Gupta, Mariafrancesca Scalise, Cesare Indiveri, Rosita Accardi, Massimo Tommasino

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2020-08-01

Deskripsi

Tumor suppressors can exert pro-proliferation functions in specific contexts. In the beta human papillomavirus type 38 (HPV38) experimental model, the viral proteins E6 and E7 promote accumulation of a wild-type (WT) p53 form in human keratinocytes (HKs), promoting cellular proliferation. Inactivation of p53 by different means strongly decreases the proliferation of HPV38 E6/E7 HKs. This p53 form is phosphorylated at S392 by the double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase PKR, which is highly activated by HPV38. PKR-mediated S392 p53 phosphorylation promotes the formation of a p53/DNMT1 complex, which inhibits expression of integrin alpha 1 (ITGA1), a repressor of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. Ectopic expression of ITGA1 in HPV38 E6/E7 HKs promotes EGFR degradation, inhibition of cellular proliferation, and cellular death. Itga1 expression was also inhibited in the skin of HPV38 transgenic mice that have an elevated susceptibility to UV-induced skin carcinogenesis. In summary, these findings reveal the existence of a specific WT p53 form that displays pro-proliferation properties.