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Aim and Objectives: The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of substance use disorder (SUD) and the relationship between inmates with SUD and those without SUD with reoffending. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was carried out among 366 male inmates awaiting trial in Jos maximum security prison, Plateau state (Nigeria). Two sets of questionnaires were used, namely General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28) and the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Results: Prevalence of SUD was 32.8% (120) among inmates. Reoffending was statistically significant with SUD (p < 0.001). Conclusion: These results suggest a significant rate of SUD among awaiting trial inmates. It also shows a significant difference between SUD and reoffending.