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Protozoan parasites can infect the human intestinal tract causing serious diseases. In the following article, we focused on the three most prominent intestinal protozoan pathogens, namely, <i>Giardia lamblia</i>,<i> Entamoeba histolytica</i>, and<i> Cryptosporidium parvum</i>. Both <i>C. parvum</i> and <i>G. lamblia</i> colonize the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum and are the most common causative agents of persistent diarrhea (i.e., cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis). <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i> colonizes the colon and, unlike the two former pathogens, may invade the colon wall and disseminate to other organs, mainly the liver, thereby causing life-threatening amebiasis. Here, we present condensed information concerning the pathobiology of these three diseases.