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AIM: To investigate the efficiency and security of compound anisodine injection in the treatment of juxtafoveal central serous chorioretinopathy(CSC). <p>METHODS: Sixty patients(60 eyes)who were diagnosed of juxtafoveal CSC were assigned randomly into 2 groups: 32 cases(32 eyes, therapeutic group)were injected subcutaneously compound anisodine injection for 2mL q.d around superficial temporal arteries in the affected eyes; 28 cases(28 eyes, control group)received only traditional oral medication. Both groups received therapy for 2 to 4 courses of treatment. The main observations were the best corrected visual acuity(BCVA), subjective symptom, visual field, average light sensitivity and optical coherent topography(OCT).<p>RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the therapeutic group and the control group before treatment(<i>P</i>>0.05), but all the outcome measures at 1, 3mo in the treatment group were significantly improved as compared with control group(<i>P</i><0.05). After 6mo, there were no significant difference between the two groups in all measures(<i>P</i>>0.05). No severe adverse reaction was noted except mild ones such as temporary dry mouth, dizziness and palpitation in a few cases.<p>CONCLUSION: Compound anisodine injection has remarkable effects in the treatment of juxtafoveal CSC. It can shorten the course, improved the visual function and decreased the recurrence rate of CSC.