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Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) injections for osteoarthritis is reviewed. Methods- PubMed search identifying articles in English from 2003-2018 that used intra- articular injection (IA), cartilage repair, cartilage regeneration, chondral injury, adipose stem cells, bone marrow stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, or autologous stem cells. Results – 388 patients receiving IA MSC injections are discussed with data obtained from 10 case reports or case series, 4 randomized clinical trials (RCT), 1 cohort study, and 3 case controlled therapeutic studies. Conclusions – MSC injections may be an effective adjunct in the management of osteoarthritis and a variety of cartilage related pathologies.