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The article is a review of literature on the specific immunopathogenesis of rotavirus infection in children, as well as current treatment approaches. A clinical case is described demonstrating the effectiveness of the combined antiviral, release active drug Ergoferon. The results obtained in the course of the experimental and clinical studies of Ergoferon and its active components are confirmed by own experience and indicate the possibility of widespread use of the drug in the treatment of rotavirus infection in children as young as 6 months. The clinical efficacy of Ergoferon is explained by its three-component composition - affinity purified antibodies to interferon-gamma, histamine and CD4 in release active form, and a unique mechanism of action that affects the key immunopathogenetic links: the functional condition of CD4+T cells and the interferon synthesis. The antiviral activity of Ergoferon is supplemented by anti-inflammatory and antihistamine effects, thus ensuring a rapid relief of fever, dyspepsia and intoxication associated with rotavirus infection as early as on the 2nd-3rd day of therapy. Ergoferon is effective even if the therapy is started on the second day, while its high safety minimizes the risk of hyperstimulation of the immune system with its subsequent hyporesponsiveness.