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This study presents a spatial assessment of eight potentially toxic elements (PTE: Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Pb, Ni, Mn, and Zn) in white button (<i>Agaricus bisporus</i> J.E. Lange) mushroom samples collected from the local vegetable markets of Uttarakhand State, India. Fresh <i>A. bisporus</i> samples were collected from thirteen districts and fifteen sampling locations (M1-M15) and analyzed for the concentration of these PTE using atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The results revealed that <i>A. bisporus</i> contained all eight selected PTE in all sampling locations. Based on the inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation, principal component (PC), and hierarchical cluster (HC) analyses, the areas with a plane geographical distribution showed the highest PTE concentrations in the <i>A. bisporus</i> samples as compared to those in hilly areas. Overall, the decreasing order of PTE concentration in <i>A. bisporus</i> was recognized as Fe > Zn > Mn > Cr > Cu > Ni > Cd > Pb. The Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA tests displayed a highly significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05) difference among the sampling locations. However, the concentration of PTE was below permissible limits, indicating no potential hazard in consuming the <i>A. bisporus</i>. Similarly, the health risk assessment studies using the target hazard quotient (THQ) also showed no significant health risk associated with the consumption of <i>A. bisporus</i> being sold in the local mushroom markets of Uttarakhand, India. This study is the first report on state-level monitoring of PTE in <i>A. bisporus</i> mushrooms, which provides crucial information regarding the monitoring and occurrence of potentially toxic metallic elements.