Rapid Development of an Effective Newcastle Disease Virus Vaccine Candidate by Attenuation of a Genotype VII Velogenic Isolate Using a Simple Infectious Cloning System

oleh: Nannan Wang, Mei Huang, To Sing Fung, Qiong Luo, Qiong Luo, Jun Xian Ye, Qian Ru Du, Liang Hai Wen, Ding Xiang Liu, Rui Ai Chen, Rui Ai Chen, Rui Ai Chen

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: Frontiers Media S.A. 2020-09-01

Deskripsi

Genotype-matched vaccines provide ideal protection against infection caused by new Newcastle disease virus (NDV) genotypes or variants even in the vaccinated chickens. In this study, we report a protocol for attenuation and rapid development of a velogenic NDV isolate as an effective vaccine candidate, using a simple and reliable infectious cloning platform. Based on DHN3, a genotype VII velogenic NDV isolate, recombinant rDHN3 was rescued by co-transfection of plasmids expressing the genomic RNA, NDV proteins NP, P and L, and the T7 polymerase without using a helper virus. Subsequently, an attenuated strain rDHN3-mF was produced by substitution of residues from amino acids 112 to 117 in the DHN3 F protein with the corresponding sequence from the LaSota strain. Both rDHN3 and rDHN3-mF are genetically stable during propagation in cell culture and chicken embryos. Further characterization through determination of EID50, MDT and clinical assessments confirmed that rDHN3 is velogenic and rDHN3-mF lentogenic. Vaccination of one-week-old SPF chicks with inactivated rDHN3-mF produced much higher anti-DHN3 antibody response and better protection against live DHN3 challenge than did the commercial LaSota vaccine, providing 100% protection and much earlier viral clearance. This attenuated NDV isolate would merit further development into a vaccine product.