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A leaf blight disease with an incidence level of about 50% was found on Robusta banana in Guangdong province of China in September 2020. The early symptom appeared as pale gray to black brown, irregular, small, necrotic lesions mainly on the top 3–5 leaves. Severely infected leaves were withered and necrotic. Two representative fungus strains, strain L1 and strain L2, were isolated from affected banana leaves, and morphological and molecular identification analysis confirmed that the two fungi were both <i>Alternaria jacinthicola</i>. Many <i>Alternaria</i> species have been reported to cause wilting, decay, leaf blight and leaf spots on plants and lead to serious economic losses in their production, including <i>A. alternata</i>, causing leaf blight and leaf sport diseases on banana. The Koch’s postulates of <i>A. jacinthicola</i> causing the leaf blight disease was further fulfilled, which confirmed that it is the causal agent of this disease. To our knowledge, this is the first report of <i>A. jacinthicola</i> causing leaf blight on banana in China.