Determination and Measurement of Melanopic Equivalent Daylight (D65) Illuminance (<i>mEDI</i>) in the Context of Smart and Integrative Lighting

oleh: Vinh Quang Trinh, Peter Bodrogi, Tran Quoc Khanh

Format: Article
Diterbitkan: MDPI AG 2023-05-01

Deskripsi

In the context of intelligent and integrative lighting, in addition to the need for color quality and brightness, the non-visual effect is essential. This refers to the retinal ganglion cells (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>i</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>R</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>s</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>) and their function, which were first proposed in 1927. The melanopsin action spectrum has been published in <i>CIE S 026/E: 2018</i> with the corresponding melanopic equivalent daylight (D65) illuminance (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), melanopic daylight (D65) efficacy ratio (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>R</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>), and four other parameters. Due to the importance of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>R</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula>, this work synthesizes a simple computational model of <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>R</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> as the main research objective, based on a database of 4214 practical spectral power distributions (<i>SPD</i>s) of daylight, conventional, <i>LED</i>, and mixed light sources. In addition to the high correlation coefficient <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><msup><mi>R</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></semantics></math></inline-formula> of 0.96795 and the 97% confidence offset of 0.0067802, the feasibility of the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>R</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> model in intelligent and integrated lighting applications has been extensively tested and validated. The uncertainty between the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> calculated directly from the spectra and that obtained by processing the <i>RGB</i> sensor and applying the <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>R</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> model reached ± 3.3% after matrix transformation and illuminance processing combined with the successful <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>R</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> calculation model. This result opens the potential for low-cost <i>RGB</i> sensors for applications in intelligent and integrative lighting systems to optimize and compensate for the non-visual effective parameter <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>E</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>I</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> using daylight and artificial light in indoor spaces. The goal of the research on <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mrow><mi>R</mi><mi>G</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow></semantics></math></inline-formula> sensors and the corresponding processing method are also presented and their feasibility is methodically demonstrated. A comprehensive investigation with a huge amount of color sensor sensitivities is necessary in a future work of other research.