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Due to the many factors affecting the cost of transmission line engineering and the lack of mutual independence, it is difficult to predict the cost. Firstly, the principal component analysis is used to process the original indicator data, eliminating the correlation between the original indicators and extracting the potential comprehensive independent indicators. Then, the new indicator is used as the input set to construct the predictive learning model based on the least squares support vector machine, and the predicted output and the actual value are compared and analyzed. The results show that the model can achieve the desired prediction effect in the case of small samples.