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This article demonstrates the use of guided elastic waves (GEW) for multiple-in and multiple-out (MIMO) data communication in the framework of a structural health monitoring (SHM) system. Therefore, miniaturized low-voltage communication nodes have been developed. They are arranged in a spatially distributed and permanently installed network. Wireless exchange of encoded information across a metallic plate and a stiffened carbon-fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) structure is investigated. A combination of square-wave excitation sequences and frequency-division multiplexing (FDM) is explored for parallel communication with multiple nodes. Moreover, the impact of the excitation-sequence length on the reliability of information transmission is studied in view of future energy-aware application scenarios. The presented system achieves in both studied structures error-free transmission at a data rate of 0.17 kbps (per carrier frequency) with a power consumption of 224 mW.