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In this paper the impacts of energy prices reform and the implementation of compensation policies are evaluated on major macroeconomics variables. For this purpose, a macroeconometrics model is estimated by ARDL approach, based on the annual time series data for the Iranian economy within the period 1976 and 2007. In the specification of the model, relations between energy prices and output, inflation, consumption, investment, government budget, trade balance with regards to the government compensation policies, are considered. Using the dynamic simulation, forecasting for the period 2011-2015 shows high inflation and low economic growth in the scenarios of energy prices reform with and without the compensation policies, but high growth just in case of productivity improvement. Thus, the success of the energy prices reform and the targeted subsidy plan depend on the productivity promotion through the supply-side policies.