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In order to explore the influence of firing angle and projectile charge number on the muzzle disturbance of mortar, a nonlinear finite element model of mortar, projectile and soil is established, considering the coupling of projectile and barrel, plate and soil coupling, tripod and soil coupling, and the characteristics of buffer machine. Using explicit solver for mortar same firing angle of the projectile charge number, different projectile charge, different shooting angle and projectile charge, different shooting angle regularity of the muzzle disturbance for the sniper firing are analyzed, and the projectile charge number and the shooting angle and the muzzle disturbance are positive correlation. Aiming for a certain distance, using a small charge with smaller shot angle, it can effectively reduce the muzzle disturbance and improve the shooting accuracy. The conclusion has important guiding significance for the reliable use of mortars and the improvement of shooting accuracy.