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Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the seventh most common malignancy and the sixth leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, demanding precise diagnostic and individualized therapeutic interventions. This case study describes the diagnosis and treatment of esophageal SCC in a 54-year-old man initially detected during an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. The lesion was identified using narrow-band imaging and magnifying endoscopy; after imaging studies, it was treated with endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). ESD is known for its minimal invasiveness and the definitive histopathological evaluation it facilitates.