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**Background**: Surgical intervention for improvement of upper limb function in children with cerebral palsy is reported to be of benefit where careful patient selection is taken into consideration. Currently there are no clinical guidelines to help determine selection of individuals best suited for operative management, nor does research exist that identifies characteristics of the patient cohort currently being selected as appropriate for surgery. The aim of this study is to determine the current trends in selection, assessment and management of patients with cerebral palsy undergoing upper limb surgery. **Methods**: This retrospective study included data from 102 individuals with cerebral palsy who underwent upper limb surgical management during a 10-year time period at the Royal Children’s Hospital (RCH), Melbourne, Australia. There were 138 separate surgical events involving 579 procedures during this period. Data regarding the characteristics of the individuals and their perioperative assessment were collected and analysed. This study received ethics approval from the RCH Human Research Ethics Committee prior to commencement (reference number 37313A). **Results**: The cohort was 56.9 per cent male, and the median age at time of surgery was 14.2 years old. Motor involvement was 51.0 per cent bilateral and 49.0 per cent unilateral, and 96.0 per cent of individuals had a spastic component. The most common surgical goal was position care (50.4% of cases), followed by activity and participation (47.9% of cases). Preoperative outcome measures were used in 69.6 per cent of cases. **Conclusions**: Currently, individuals are selected for surgery using variable preoperative assessment. Selection has great potential to differ between clinicians. These compounding issues provide a rationale for initiating further research into understanding the characteristics of this patient group and promoting better standardisation of perioperative assessment.