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Abstract Groundwater becomes a vital source of irrigation for agriculture in the recess of rainfall. The acceptable groundwater quality becomes essential for agriculture not only to get the utmost crop yield but also to protect the land from degradation. The main intent of the study is to investigate the condition of groundwater quality for crop irrigation of Pudukkottai districts using an irrigation water quality index. To achieve the objective of the study, the entire Pudukkottai district groundwater samples have been collected from twenty-six wells in the year 2000 and 2015. The water quality parameters of total dissolved substance, sodium adsorption ratio, electrical conductivity, sodium (Na+), calcium (Ca+2), magnesium (Mg+2), bicarbonate (HCO3), chlorine (Cl−) and pH have been analyzed. The study concludes that irrigation water quality has been reduced throughout the year from 2000 to 2015, and a water quality index additionally shows the worst-case situation in terms of the status of irrigational groundwater quality of the Pudukkottai district which ends up in land degradation.