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Temperature, one of the natural and environmental effects that affect the wood properties, is an important factor for the utilization of wood. This study aims to figure out the effects of temperature on elasticity moduli, compression strength, and Young's moduli of oak wood (Quercus petraea Liebl.) which are not available in the literature by axial compression test and ultrasonic measurements. According to the results, slight increases observed at moderate temperatures (up to 150 °C) but further treatments, up to 210 °C for 8 h exposure, all measured properties significantly decreased. It is seen that dynamic values were higher than static values and ranged from 23.7 to 110.9% in terms of temperature, exposure duration and direction. When coefficients of determination values (0.74–0.92) were taken into consideration, it can be said that ultrasonic testing and evaluation is applicable for the prediction of these mechanic properties with reasonable results.