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AIM: To analyze the effect of intravitreal injection of Conbercept before pars plana vitrectomy(PPV)on complications and visual recovery in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy(PDR). <p>METHODS: Totally 94 patients with PDR(monocular onset)were randomly divided into the experimental group(<i>n</i>=47)and the control group(<i>n</i>=47). All patients were treated by PPV. The experimental group was treated with intravitreal injection of conbercept at 5-7d before PPV while the control group was not given the intervention. The surgical time, surgical procedures, complications and visual recovery in the two groups were observed and statistically analyzed. <p>RESULTS: The operating time of PPV for the experimental group was significantly shorter than that for the control group(72.33±15.71min <i>vs</i> 91.06±19.29min, <i>P</i><0.05). The incidence rates of intraoperative electric coagulation hemostasis, iatrogenic breaks and hemorrhage of new vessels in the experimental group(4%, 2% and 6%)were significantly lower than those in the control group(19%, 15% and 26%; <i>P</i><0.05). The mean Log Mar acuity BCVA and the macular thickness decreased significantly of the two groups at 3mo and 6mo after surgery(<i>P</i><0.05). The improvement effect in the experimental group was better than that in the control group(<i>P</i><0.05). <p>CONCLUSION: The intravitreal injection of conbercept before PPV has a positive effect on reducing the incidence of intraoperative complications and promoting postoperative visual recovery in patients with PDR.