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In order to solve the problem that the formation and assignment of space launch crew mainly rely on mission experience and lack of theoretical support, firstly, the formation of space launch crew is briefly designed based on the principles of space launch crew allocation, including technical support team, launch team and test team. Secondly, on the basis of the work benefit value of space launch crew in the three teams, the personnel allocation model is constructed with the maximum work benefit as the optimization objective based on the traditional assignment model. Finally, the calculation method for the personnel allocation model is given through the decimal bit string coding of genetic algorithm. For a concrete example, the result of personnel allocation is given, proving the feasibility and effectiveness of the method.