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Introduction: Death anxiety can be one of the important psychological diagnoses in cancer patients. Aim: The peresent study aimed at predicting death anxiety based on emotional self-regulation and self-efficacy in cancer patients. Method: This is a descriptive correlational study. The statistical population included all of cancer patients in Kermanshah city in the years 2019. A sample of 150 cancer patients were randomly selected. Measurement tools included death anxiety questionnaire, Gross and John emotional self-regulation questionnaire, Scherrer self-efficacy questionnaire. To analyze the data, Pearson correlation coefficient and Concurrent regression were used. Results: The results showed that there is no significant relationship between emotional self-regulation and death anxiety (P=0.29, R=-0.087). But there is a significant inverse relationship between self-efficacy and death anxiety (P<0.001). Although The results of regression analysis showed that emotional self-regulation and self-efficacy predict 15% of the variance of the death anxiety variable. Conclusion: Based on the findings in this study, it is necessary to emphasize these psychological characteristics in educational, prevention and treatment programs in hospitals.