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For some thirty years now, Québec has had an innovative legislation in the area of family law. The first part of this article retraces the evolution of this legislation using a chronological approach ; it sheds light on certain indices suggesting that in providing pinpoint answers to legitimate requests, the legislator causes the emergence of various categories of citizens. This emergence is further consolidated by the confusion existing between “filiation” and “parentality”. The second part examines two positions contained in an opinion of the Commission on the ethics of science and technology, which, if they are likely to partially clarify some Québec specificities, awkwardly correct asymmetries between the categories.