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Background: Phyllanthus emblica L. fruits (PEf) are thought to be a good source of natural antidiabetic compounds. Nevertheless, the bioactive ingredients and molecular mechanisms of its type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) properties have yet to be established. Here, we implemented a network pharmacology protocol to ascertain its essential compound and mechanisms of action over T2DM. Methods: PEf's bioactive ingredients were mined through a literature study and filtered by employing Lipinski's rule of five. Besides, genes associated with the screened compounds and T2DM were extracted from public databases. A Venn diagram was utilized for retrieving common genes. Cytoscape was used to plot and portray the interconnected network between compounds and intersecting genes. Finally, molecular docking simulations were performed between key compounds and targets. Results: The literature review yielded a total of 57 compounds in PEf, and 38 compounds were filtered based on Lipinski's rule for further investigations. A total of 244 compound-related and 4979 T2DM-targeted genes were extracted, and Venn pinpointed 183 commons among them. Gene set enrichment analysis manifested 15 signaling pathways which were strongly correlated with the mechanism of PEf against T2DM, with the pivotal mechanism being the diminution of oxidative stress, vascular calcification, and the augmentation of superoxide dismutase 1 expression via the inactivation of a number of co-regulated genes in the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. In addition, the study of molecular docking affirms that Quercetin is the essential compound in T2DM therapy owing to its greater binding affinity among ten proteins connected with the AGE-RAGE signaling cascade. Conclusion: Our study illustrates the pharmacological proof that substantiates the PEf therapeutic effectiveness over T2DM and discovers largely potent PEf chemicals and mechanisms of action against T2DM. Overall, Quercetin might alleviate T2DM by inactivating the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway.