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Functional Activity of Cytokine-Induced Killer Cells Enhanced by CAR-CD19 Modification or by Soluble Bispecific Antibody Blinatumomab
oleh: Silvia Zaninelli, Silvia Panna, Sarah Tettamanti, Giusi Melita, Andrea Doni, Francesca D’Autilia, Rut Valgardsdottir, Elisa Gotti, Alessandro Rambaldi, Josée Golay, Martino Introna
Format: | Article |
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Diterbitkan: | MDPI AG 2024-08-01 |
Deskripsi
Strategies to increase the anti-tumor efficacy of cytokine-induced killer cells (CIKs) include genetic modification with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) or the addition of soluble T-cell engaging bispecific antibodies (BsAbs). Here, CIKs were modified using a transposon system integrating two distinct anti-CD19 CARs (CAR-MNZ and CAR-BG2) or combined with soluble CD3xCD19 BsAb blinatumomab (CIK + Blina). CAR-MNZ bearing the CD28-OX40-CD3ζ signaling modules, and CAR-BG2, designed on the Tisagenlecleucel CAR sequence (Kymriah<sup>®</sup>), carrying the 4-1BB and CD3ζ signaling elements, were employed. After transfection and CIK expansion, cells expressed CAR-CD19 to a similar extent (35.9% CAR-MNZ and 17.7% CAR-BG2). In vitro evaluations demonstrated robust proliferation and cytotoxicity (~50% cytotoxicity) of CARCIK-MNZ, CARCIK-BG2, and CIK + Blina against CD19<sup>+</sup> target cells, suggesting similar efficacy. All effectors formed an increased number of synapses, activated NFAT and NFkB, and secreted IL-2 and IFN-ɣ upon encountering targets. CIK + Blina displayed strongest NFAT and IFN-ɣ induction, whereas CARCIK-BG2 demonstrated superior synapse formation. All the effectors have shown therapeutic activity in vivo against the CD19<sup>+</sup> Daudi tumor model, with CARCIK cells showing a more durable response compared to CIK + Blina, likely due to the short half-life of Blina in this model.